Английский язык 8-10 класс, пригласительный школьный этап (1 этап), 2020-2021 учебный год

Содержание

1. Part 1 «Listening» (15 minutes)
2. Part 2 «Reading» (40 minutes)
   • Task 1. Questions 1–7
   • Task 2. Questions 8–15
3. Part 3 «Use of English» (35 minutes)
   • Task 1. Questions 1–10
   • Task 2. Questions 11–20
4. Audioscript
5. Keys
   • Part 1 Listening
   • Part 2 Reading
   • Part 3 Use of English

Part 1 «Listening» (15 minutes)

Maximum points – 10

1. Charles’s swimming pool is completely ready.
2. Charles swam that morning.
3. The swimming pool is just fifteen feet long.
4. Charles is satisfied with the swimming pool’s size.
5. Charles’s friend thinks that his swimming pool is not big enough for proper exercise.
6. Charles learned how to swim a few weeks before.
7. Charles’s friend wants to dive in his swimming pool.
8. The swimming pool is eighteen feet deep.
9. Charles’s swimming party will take place if it’s warm enough.
10. Charles’s wants his friend to attend the swimming party.

Part 2 «Reading» (40 minutes)

Maximum points – 15

HYPNOSIS COMES OF AGE

It looks as though hypnosis, once thought of as something to be done on stage by a magician – and even considered until fairly recently by many doctors as medically useless – has finally come into its own. Research into the subject of hypnosis has revealed a great deal of interesting, sometimes exciting, and often startling information about the uses and value of hypnotism.

Clinical hypnotists (qualified doctors who have been specially trained in the techniques of hypnosis – it is important to note that hypnotism is so powerful that t can be very dangerous when used by unqualified people) are using this method to treat a variety of medical problems, both physical and mental, and are discovering some fascinating things along the way. For example, Dr. David M. Cheek of Children’s Hospital in San Francisco surprised medical circles with a theory that patients under anesthesia for surgery could remember later – under hypnosis – much of what happened and was said during their operations.

Since then, Cheek has studied more than 800 patients to test his theory. Many of them, he reports, were able to recall specific events and conversation by the people in the operating room.

These findings, Cheek believes, indicate the strong possibility that distressing talk in surgery may sometimes account for postoperative depression in a patient. It might explain, for instance, the case of a famous professor who died recently after an abdominal operation. What the surgeon found looked like cancer, and he said “Poor old John” clearly as he sewed up the opening without having removed anything. The professor died a few hours later. No cancer was found at autopsy. Understandably, more than a dozen large hospitals throughout the country already have established a policy of ‘operating room silence’ during surgery, owing to the findings of Cheek and others. Many more, it is to be hoped, will do the same.

Hypnosis has been used as a muscle-relaxer in childbirth for 150 years, though it was not totally accepted by the medical establishment for much of that time. Today, however, it is used in childbirth by hundreds of hospitals all over the world. As an anesthetic and pain reliever for patients who for some reason can’t have chemical anesthetics, it is being used more and more. At the University of Minnesota, bloodpressure control through hypnosis is being used in the treatment of hemophiliacs, who might otherwise bleed to death from a small cut or bruise.

What is hypnosis, anyway? In the mid-1800s, an English physician named James Braid was the first real authority to recognize its psychological nature. He believed that it was a state of ‘nervous sleep’, but in the 1920s, machines like the electroencephalograph (device which measures brain waves) showed that brain-wave patterns of people under hypnosis are more like those of people awake than asleep. There are other differences as well.

Clinical hypnotists have known for a long time that persons in the deepest state of hypnosis always act as though wide-awake. However, there is a difference which can be measured – a pain test. A deeply hypnotized person can take an 80-volt electrical shock without feeling pain (anyone in a normal state will suffer at 35 volts or even less).

If hypnosis is not induced sleep, what can it be? There are some clues. Brain-wave patterns of subjects in hypnosis are similar to those of people under deep anesthesia for surgery. Many clinical hypnotists believe there is a relationship, and Dr. Cheek’s work tends to bear this out.

One of the strangest new discoveries in hypnosis research is time distortion. Almost everyone has had busy dreams that seem to last forever. You travel to Europe, Canada, Washington. You chat with a cousin in London, attend a bull fight, play a whole evening of bridge. You’d swear that you dreamed for hours. If you had clocked it, however, you might find your dreams took about 15 to 20 seconds.

Regression – sending the patient back in time to recall ‘forgotten’ happenings – is being used more and more to help troubled minds.

A male patient sent to me recently was terribly bothered by an obsession that there were record-player needles in his food. Eating was a torture. He examined every spoonful before he could swallow it. Regressed under hypnosis, he recalled that, at the age of four, he had swallowed a steel record-player needle in a spoonful of mashed potato. The resulting experience – frightened parents, clanging ambulance, stern-faced doctors – had, in a way, burned a short circuit in his unconscious mind. This trouble spot showed up with the pressures of later life. When this was explained to him in a waking state, the patient soon gained peace of mind and his whole personality changed for the better. His problem took only three treatments, and he is now enjoying his meals for the first time in years.

One of the most fascinating but dangerous uses of hypnosis is in military intelligence. Communication in war is always a headache. Codes can be broken; a professional spy may or may not stay loyal; your own man may have complete loyalty, but his judgment may not always be perfect. Hypnosis, on the other hand, provides a unique solution.

Doctors see in hypnosis a possible answer to the rejection problem which surgeons meet when transplanting hearts and other organs. “Also,” they say, “in long-term flights through space, auto-hypnosis could be an ideal solution to long periods of traveling time and to tiredness. It could be used – as it is on earth in research laboratories – to change the body functions of astronauts in order to put them in a hibernation-like state for certain periods. In both outer space and submarine exploration, men trained in the use of hypnosis would be able to help each other in many ways, such as control of pain, thus avoiding heavy and often dangerous drugs.”

There is little doubt in my mind that 20 years from now people in this field will consider the material presented here interesting but strictly ancient history. All the present signs indicate that hypnotism, after 200 years of struggle for attention, has come of age.

Task 1. Questions 1–7

1. Cheek’s research indicates the strong possibility that surgeons’ distressing talk in an operating room may sometimes account for postoperative depression in a patient.
2. Today, the medical use of hypnosis is in decline.
3. Magicians on stage are helping to remove the fog of doubt and mystery which has surrounded hypnosis ever since it was recognized as a powerful tool.
4. Hypnosis can hardly make it possible for a subject to dream a complicated plan or solution to a problem.
5. Clinical hypnotists have considerable evidence that hypnotic states could be used to change an astronaut’s body’s metabolism to make a person younger.
6. Hypnosis is neither nervous nor induced sleep.
7. Hypnosis is not accepted by the medical community even now due to its alleged ability to substitute heavy and often dangerous drugs.

Task 2. Questions 8–15

8. The brain-wave patterns of subjects in a state of hypnosis are similar to those of people who are … .
A. in the middle of a good night’s sleep
B. very upset about something
C. under deep anesthesia

9. It is a medical fact that subjects who are in deep hypnosis … than usual.
A. feel less pain
B. are more sensitive to pain
C. think they are being hurt more

10. Auto-hypnosis could be an ideal solution to … .
A. mental illnesses
B. physical disorders
C. long periods of traveling time

11. A person who is regressed under hypnosis … .
A. is made temporarily less intelligent
B. is taught to forget unpleasant things that have happened
C. will recall things that he normally wouldn’t remember

12. There is scientific evidence which indicates the remarks made in surgery while
the patient is under anesthesia … .
A. cannot be heard by the patient
B. may prevent the patient from recovering
C. may cause the surgeon to make mistakes

13. Hypnosis is very well suited to … .
A. international spying
B. the average classroom
C. committee meetings

14. One of the most fascinating but dangerous uses of hypnosis is in … .
A. submarine exploration
B. military intelligence
C. childbirth

15. The author believes that in future hypnosis will become … .
A. less popular
B. more popular
C. ancient history

Part 3 «Use of English» (35 minutes)

Maximum points – 20

Task 1. Questions 1–10

PET LOVERS

The dog is no longer top of the pet world. He is now (1) __________ in British homes by the cat. After years of steady (2) __________, the dog (3) __________ reached a peak of 7 million in 1993. Since then the (4) __________ of dogs has declined and there has been a slow (5) __________ in numbers. Meanwhile the number of cats has crept up almost (6) __________. The reason is one of economics. A cat is a much more (7) __________ and less demanding pet for couples who are out at work all day. If you have to be a dog, it pays to be a faithful one. You could become seriously wealthy. Last week, a dog called Whisp found herself richer by £50,000 on the (8) __________ of her master, John Jones. It was Mr Jones’ (9) __________ that the money should be used ‘to find a (10) __________ home with a person who will love and care for my dog Whisp for the rest of her life’.

Task 2. Questions 11–20

Example: 0. The pool isn’t deep enough to swim in.
too
The pool ……………………. swim in.
A. is too deep to
B. is too shallow to
C. is not too shallow to

11. The boy said that he hadn’t done anything wrong.
denied
The boy ……………………………. anything wrong.
A. denied having to do
B. denied having done
C. denied not doing

12. After seeing all the candidates they will announce their decision.
once
They’ll announce their decision …………………. all the candidates.
A. once they have seen
B. when they see at once
C. having seen once

13. He talked to me for ages about his new girlfriend.
kept
He ……………… about his new girlfriend.
A. kept talking to me
B. kept to talk to me
C. kept me busy listening
14. It was reported that thousands of people were affected by the rail strike.
said
Thousands of people ………………………… by the rail strike.
A. said that they were affected
B. are said to have been affected
C. were said to be affected
15. The only exercise she does is jogging in the morning.
apart
She doesn’t do any exercise …………. in the morning.
A. apart from to jog
B. apart for a jog
C. apart from jogging
16. You should be in bed by now!
high
It’s ………………………………… went to bed!
A. a high time you
B. high time you
C. high necessity you
17. I’ll only phone if there’s a problem.
hear
Don’t expect to ………………… there is a problem.
A. hear from me unless
B. hear from me if
C. hear from me lest
18. I hope you haven’t got the flu coming on.
down
I hope you are ………………….. with the flu.
A. not down
B. not coming down
C. coming down away
19. Basically, the only reason I did it was because I was bored.
out
I just did it ………………… , to be perfectly honest.
A. out of boredom
B. out of being bored
C. not to be bored out
20. As soon as I came, I regretted ever being there.
than
No ……………………………………………. I began to regret ever being there.
A. sooner than I had come
B. sooner had I come than
C. sooner than I came that

Audioscript

Listening comprehension

For items 1–10 listen to a dialogue and decide whether the statements 1–10 are TRUE according to the text you hear, or FALSE, or the information on the statement is NOT STATED in the text. You will hear the text twice. You have 20 seconds to look through the statements.

(pause 20 seconds)

Now we begin

The New Pool

Andy: Have they finished work on your new swimming pool yet, Charles? When I passed by yesterday, it was being filled with water, wasn’t it?

Charles: That’s right. We had our first swim in it this morning. The concrete path around it is going to be widened, but everything will have been completed before the end of the week.

Andy: You must be pleased. How long is it?

Charles: It’s only 25 feet long and 15 feet wide, but that’s big enough to cool down in, isn’t it?

Andy: And to get a spot of exercise in. If you normally swim twenty lengths in a big pool, you can get the same benefit if you swim up and down forty or fifty times in a small one, can’t you?

Charles: Yes, but I’m hardly aiming at getting into the Olympic team, am I?

Andy: How deep is it? You can’t dive into it, can you?

Charles: Oh yes, you can! It’s eight feet in depth at one end. The diving-board will be installed tomorrow. By the way, we’re holding a swimming party on Sunday, if it’s not too cold. You will come, won’t you?

Andy: I’d love to come, but I’m not much of a swimmer, and I can barely dive at all. I’ll probably drown.

Charles: Well, I’m hardly the world’s best swimmer myself.

You have 20 seconds to check your answers.

(pause 20 seconds)

Now listen to the text again.

(text repeated)

This is the end of the listening comprehension task.

Keys

Part 1 Listening

Part 2 Reading

Part 3 Use of English